{"id":9729,"date":"2025-05-26T14:47:59","date_gmt":"2025-05-26T14:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/?p=9729"},"modified":"2025-05-29T13:33:15","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T13:33:15","slug":"only-the-first-amendment-can-protect-students-campuses-and-speech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2025\/05\/only-the-first-amendment-can-protect-students-campuses-and-speech\/","title":{"rendered":"\u53ea\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u6821\u56ed\u548c\u8a00\u8bba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/city\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>\u3010\u57ce\u5e02\u3011| City<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u51ef\u65af\u00b7R\u00b7\u6851\u65af\u5766\uff08Cass R. Sunstein)\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/09\/09\/opinion\/first-amendment-college-speech.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5<\/a>\uff0c2024-09-09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u672c\u7531Bruin\u7559\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jm2025.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-9750\" title=\"jm2025\" src=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jm2025-916x1024.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"614\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53bb\u5e74\u6625\u5929\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e1c\u51b2\u7a81\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6297\u8bae\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u6821\u56ed\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u51fa\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u62d2\u7edd\u653e\u6620\u4e00\u90e8\u5c16\u9510\u6279\u8bc4\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u3002\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u902e\u6355\u4e86100\u591a\u540d\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6e05\u7a7a\u8be5\u6821\u7684\u4eb2\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u8425\u5730\uff1b\u540e\u6765\u8bfe\u7a0b\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u7f51\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5728\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u4e0e\u6297\u8bae\u8005\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e10\u7bf7\u90fd\u88ab\u62c6\u9664\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u9879\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u540c\u610f\u201c\u4e3a\u4e94\u540d\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u5728\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66\u5c31\u8bfb\u671f\u95f4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u989d\u5b66\u8d39\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7981\u6b62\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8a00\u8bba\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65b0\u5b66\u5e74\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u603b\u7edf\u5927\u9009\u7684\u4e34\u8fd1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c1\u5230\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u5f15\u53d1\u6297\u8bae\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u53c2\u8003\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u56fd\u4f1a\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5236\u5b9a&#8230;&#8230;\u5265\u593a\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\u4e3a\u5c31\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8fbe\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53f7\u53ec\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5171\u8bc6\u5e94\u8d5e\u540c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u6240\u5199\u7684\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279-H-\u6770\u514b\u900a\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5f3a\u5236\u7edf\u4e00\u610f\u89c1\u53ea\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5893\u5730\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u201d\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u79c1\u7acb\u9ad8\u6821&#8211;\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u516c\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u8d1d\u52d2\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u8303\u5fb7\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u6ce2\u83ab\u7eb3\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u79d1\u5c14\u6bd4\u5927\u5b66\u60f3\u8981\u9650\u5236\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u62e6\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6821\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u4e86\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9ad8\u7b49\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u89c4\u6a21\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u90fd\u80fd\u81ea\u89c9\u9075\u5b88\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9ad8\u6821\u9075\u5b88\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8d39\u529b\u5730\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u5957\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e0e\u300a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u300b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba9\u6b65\u3002\u300a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u300b\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4fdd\u62a4\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u201d\u3002\u6027\u9a9a\u6270\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d7\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u544a\u8bc9\u4e00\u540d\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5979\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u597d\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u548c\u4ed6\u7ea6\u4f1a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u7eaa\u5f8b\u5904\u5206\u3002\u6284\u88ad\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u5229\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b66\u751f\u6216\u6559\u6388\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5f53\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5e76\u4e0d\u59a8\u788d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5b66\u751f\u60f3\u5360\u9886\u6559\u5b66\u697c\u6216\u7834\u574f\u5927\u5b66\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u5baa\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u7981\u6b62\u5927\u5b66\u6267\u884c\u5173\u4e8e\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u300a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u300b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4fdd\u62a4\u5171\u8c0b\u72af\u7f6a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u7fa4\u5b66\u751f\u6216\u6559\u6388\u5bc6\u8c0b\u8fdd\u53cd\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bc6\u8c0b\u5305\u62ec\u8a00\u8bba\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u66f4\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5141\u8bb8\u5927\u5b66\u60e9\u7f5a\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e8\u5728\u717d\u52a8\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u201c\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u8fdd\u6cd5\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u6216\u6559\u6388\u53ef\u4ee5\u56e0\u4e3a\u717d\u52a8\u6124\u6012\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u5360\u9886\u6821\u957f\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u5f3a\u5978\u201d\u6216\u201c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6b63\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u79cd\u65cf\u706d\u7edd\u201d\u6216\u201c\u5815\u80ce\u662f\u8c0b\u6740\u201d\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u4fdd\u62a4\u6124\u6012\u3001\u4e0d\u7231\u56fd\u3001\u4fae\u8fb1\u3001\u4ec7\u6068\u3001\u4f24\u5bb3\u3001\u5192\u72af\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u9ad8\u6821\u8bd5\u56fe\u89c4\u8303\u8a00\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u4e09\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u60e9\u7f5a\u5c16\u9510\u6279\u8bc4\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6216\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u6216\u5426\u8ba4\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8a00\u8bba\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u56e0\u89c2\u70b9\u800c\u9650\u5236\u8a00\u8bba\u662f\u5927\u9006\u4e0d\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8fdd\u5baa\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u9650\u5236\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89c4\u5b9a\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u5f97\u8ba8\u8bba\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u6c11\u6743\u6216\u5916\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u60e9\u7f5a\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e5f\u662f\u6781\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\uff1b\u6cd5\u9662\u6781\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u4e0e\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5348\u591c\u8fc7\u540e\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\u5927\u58f0\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u65e0\u8bba\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u652f\u6301\u5e73\u6743\u6cd5\u6848\u3001\u547c\u5401\u6bcf\u5929\u7948\u7977\u8fd8\u662f\u8bf4\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u90fd\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u3002\u6cd5\u9662\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fb5\u72af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u73af\u5883\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u5141\u8bb8\u9ad8\u6821\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u6559\u6388\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u6307\u793a\u8ba8\u8bba\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u603b\u7edf\u5927\u9009\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u62d2\u7edd\u7ed9\u4e88\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u975e\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u804c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9ad8\u6821\u9009\u62e9\u9075\u5b88\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u65bd\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/09\/09\/opinion\/first-amendment-college-speech.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\uff1aOnly the First Amendment Can Protect Students, Campuses and Speech<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/strong>\u51ef\u65af\u00b7R\u00b7\u6851\u65af\u5766\uff08Cass R. Sunstein\uff09\uff0c\u73b0\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7ade\u9009\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u52a1\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f8b\u5e08\u534f\u4f1a\u5206\u6743\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u5206\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u767d\u5bab\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u5236\u4e8b\u52a1\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\u65f6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u6851\u65af\u5766\u6559\u6388\u7684\u300a\u6821\u56ed\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\uff1a\u53e3\u888b\u6307\u5357\u300b\uff08Campus Free Speech: A Pocket Guide\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u6ce8\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6<br \/>\n&#8211; Sunstein\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5bf9\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u4e2d\u7684\u9002\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7981\u6b62\u653f\u5e9c\u9650\u5236\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u4e0d\u53d7\u8be5\u6761\u6b3e\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9ad8\u7b49\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u89c4\u6a21\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u80fd\u81ea\u89c9\u9075\u5b88\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u9650\u5236<br \/>\n&#8211; \u771f\u5b9e\u5a01\u80c1\uff1a\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5e76\u4e0d\u4fdd\u62a4\u201c\u771f\u5b9e\u5a01\u80c1\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u5b66\u751f\u5a01\u80c1\u5bf9\u540c\u5b66\u4f7f\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u6216\u7834\u574f\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u72af\u7f6a\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b\u8a00\u8bba\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002<br \/>\n&#8211; \u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u7acb\u548c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff1aSunstein\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5982\u6559\u6388\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u7279\u5b9a\u8bdd\u9898\uff09\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u7acb\uff08\u5982\u7981\u6b62\u5348\u591c\u540e\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\u64ad\u653e\u5927\u58f0\u97f3\u4e50\uff09\u6216\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c2\u70b9\uff08\u5982\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u601d\u60f3\u591a\u6837\u6027\u800c\u96c7\u4f63\u6301\u7279\u5b9a\u653f\u6cbb\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff09\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u547d\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u95f4\u627e\u5230\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<br \/>\n&#8211; \u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1aSunstein\u5f3a\u8c03\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u5766\u7387\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u4ea4\u6d41\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u5b66\u9662\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b66\u5668\u5e93\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u9f13\u52b1\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u78b0\u649e\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<br \/>\n&#8211; \u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a\u4ed6\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u6cd5\u5b98Robert H. Jackson\u548cOliver Wendell Holmes Jr.\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8a00\u8f9e\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5e94\u88ab\u5e86\u795d\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u73cd\u89c6\u7684\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u547d\u4e0e\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5e73\u8861<br \/>\n&#8211; Sunstein\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u547d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u8a00\u8bba\u5f15\u53d1\u4e0d\u9002\u6216\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u6392\u65a5\u800c\u8f7b\u6613\u9650\u5236\u8a00\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u8b66\u544a\u79f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b66\u751f\u6216\u6559\u804c\u5458\u5de5\u5bf9\u8a00\u8bba\u7684\u53cd\u611f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9650\u5236\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u559d\u5f69\u8005\u7684\u5426\u51b3\u6743\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5<br \/>\n&#8211; Sunstein\u7684\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u4f8b\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u4e2d\u89e3\u51b3\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4ed6\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u9645\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6821\u56ed\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5e73\u8861\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2024\/09\/speech-is-never-totally-free\/\" target=\"_blank\">Speech is never totally free<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/president\/news\/2025\/the-promise-of-american-higher-education\/\" target=\"_blank\">Alan M. Garber\uff1aThe Promise of American Higher Education<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thefire.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">The Fire<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/6sDZ1ClKaO-V7vcz2oA4pg\" target=\"_blank\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u7981\u6b62\u54c8\u4f5b\u6536\u56fd\u9645\u751f\uff0c\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u8f6c\u56de\u6e05\u534e\u5317\u5927\u5417\uff1f<\/a><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u3010\u57ce\u5e02\u3011| City \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u51ef\u65af\u00b7R\u00b7\u6851\u65af\u5766\uff08Cass R. Sunstein)\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\uff0c2024-09-09 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u672c\u7531Bruin\u7559\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u7ffb\u8bd1 \u53bb\u5e74\u6625\u5929\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e1c\u51b2\u7a81\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6297\u8bae\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u6821\u56ed\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u51fa\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u4f11\u3002 \u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u62d2\u7edd\u653e\u6620\u4e00\u90e8\u5c16\u9510\u6279\u8bc4\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u3002\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u902e\u6355\u4e86100\u591a\u540d\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6e05\u7a7a\u8be5\u6821\u7684\u4eb2\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u8425\u5730\uff1b\u540e\u6765\u8bfe\u7a0b\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u7f51\u4e0a\u3002 \u4f46\u5728\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u4e0e\u6297\u8bae\u8005\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e10\u7bf7\u90fd\u88ab\u62c6\u9664\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u9879\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u540c\u610f\u201c\u4e3a\u4e94\u540d\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u5728\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66\u5c31\u8bfb\u671f\u95f4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u989d\u5b66\u8d39\u201d\u3002 \u5173\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7981\u6b62\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u72b9\u592a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8a00\u8bba\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65b0\u5b66\u5e74\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u603b\u7edf\u5927\u9009\u7684\u4e34\u8fd1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c1\u5230\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u95ee\u9898\u5f15\u53d1\u6297\u8bae\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u53c2\u8003\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u56fd\u4f1a\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5236\u5b9a&#8230;&#8230;\u5265\u593a\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\u4e3a\u5c31\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8fbe\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 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