{"id":9689,"date":"2025-05-19T09:01:25","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T09:01:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/?p=9689"},"modified":"2025-11-23T12:52:48","modified_gmt":"2025-11-23T12:52:48","slug":"the-case-against-education-why-the-education-system-is-a-waste-of-time-and-money","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2025\/05\/the-case-against-education-why-the-education-system-is-a-waste-of-time-and-money\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u5361\u666e\u5170\uff1a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u5e9f\u9664\u6240\u6709\u6559\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206\u79bb\u5f00\u6765"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/columnists\/ideas-about-education\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span style=\"color: #888888;\">\u3010\u4e13\u680f\u3011| Columnists&gt;\u6559\u80b2\u8bf4<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/columnists\/ideas-about-education\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong> <\/strong><\/a><\/strong>\u4f5c\u8005: \u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u5361\u666e\u5170\uff08Bryan Caplan\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u8bd1\u8005: \u8521\u7ef4<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/m.media-amazon.com\/images\/I\/A19AVE9BWfL._SL1500_.jpg\" alt=\"The Case against Education: Why the Education System Is a Waste of Time ...\" width=\"592\" height=\"900\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #339966;\">\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6559\u80b2\u65e0\u7528\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u5374\u613f\u610f\u4e70\u5355<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u5411\u201c\u795e\u5723\u201d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u629b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u9a73\u4e4b\u58f0\u4e0d\u7edd\u4e8e\u8033\u3002\u4f46\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5c45\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u540c\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u5f53\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56de\u62a5\u5c61\u521b\u65b0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f60\u5c45\u7136\u6562\u8bf4\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\uff1f\u4f60\u770b\u770b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u51ed\u7684\u6536\u5165\u6ea2\u4ef7\u5df2\u98d9\u5347\u81f370%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u53ea\u6709\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6587\u51ed\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u6ea2\u4ef7\u4e5f\u9ad8\u8fbe30%\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e50\u610f\u628a\u5927\u628a\u7684\u94b1\u7838\u5728\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u8eab\u4e0a\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6ea2\u4ef7\u88ab\u4e25\u91cd\u9ad8\u4f30\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u505a\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u59d1\u4e14\u5c0a\u91cd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u56de\u62a5\u5982\u6b64\u4e30\u539a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u6559\u80b2\u6295\u5165\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u2014\u2014\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u8bfb\u8005\u90fd\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u5b66\u4e1a\u6210\u7ee9\u4f18\u79c0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fbf\u5411\u5916\u754c\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1a\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5f3a\u3002\u96c7\u4e3b\u81ea\u7136\u4e50\u610f\u4e3a\u4ed6\u652f\u4ed8\u989d\u5916\u8d39\u7528\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u5bb6\u5f8b\u5e08\u4e8b\u52a1\u6240\u8981\u62db\u4e00\u540d\u6691\u671f\u52a9\u7406\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u7b80\u5386\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u51ed\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u53f7\u5462\uff1f\u4ed6\u5929\u8d44\u806a\u9896\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u52e4\u594b\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u5fcd\u53d7\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u70e6\u7410\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5458\u5de5\uff08\u8bd5\u95ee\uff0c\u54ea\u4e2a\u96c7\u4e3b\u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u5462\uff1f\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4ed6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6b23\u7136\u5949\u4e0a\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u505a\u5f55\u7528\u51b3\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5fc5\u72b9\u8c6b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6839\u672c\u7528\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u53c8\u4f55\u59a8\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u63a8\u8bba\u51fa\u4ed6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u4e00\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u7531\u76f8\u5f53\u5145\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u54c1\u683c\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u542c\u5230\u6709\u4eba\u4ec5\u75283\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u83b7\u5f97\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u8111\u888b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5192\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\uff1a\u5929\u624d\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u542c\u5230\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\u91cc\u4e00\u76f4\u62ff\u4e0d\u5230\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ec5\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c11\u4fee\u4e861\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u6b64\u4eba\u201c\u61d2\u60c5\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u542c\u5230\u6709\u4eba\u4ece\u9ad8\u4e2d\u8f8d\u5b66\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u65ad\u5b9a\u4ed6\u201c\u4e0d\u592a\u806a\u660e\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u542c\u5230\u6709\u4eba\u9ad8\u4e2d\u8f8d\u5b66\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u4eba\u968f\u5373\u5728GED\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u4e2d\u540c\u7b49\u5b66\u529b\u8003\u8bd5\uff09\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u201c\u5f88\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u975e\u5e38\u61d2\u60f0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u603b\u60f9\u9ebb\u70e6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u662f\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u5b66\u4f4d\u786e\u5b9e\u5c06\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e8670%\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u4f60\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6559\u80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Capital)\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u4e60\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5e01\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6b64\u7c7b\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u62ff\u6211\u672c\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9636\u6bb5\u6211\u4e0a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\u4e5f\u7528\u5f97\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u867d\u7136\u672c\u4e66\u5bf9\u628a\u6559\u80b2\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u8bba\u8c03\u6301\u6279\u8bc4\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u771f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u201c\u552f\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u8bbc\u201d(Human Capital Purism)\u2014\u2014\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u90fd\u4f1a\u6559\u6388\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6280\u80fd\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u56de\u62a5\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u867d\u8d5e\u540c\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u7406\u8bba\u89e3\u8bfb\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u975e\u9f13\u5439\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4ef7\u503c\u53ea\u662f\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u60f3\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u662f\u2014\u2014\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4ef7\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u5916\u754c\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u201c\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u201d\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u591a\u5927\u5462\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7ecf\u5386\u4e2d\uff0c1\/3\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8017\u8d39\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0a\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u4eab\u53d7\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56de\u62a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u67091\/3\u662f\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f9d\u9119\u4eba\u4e4b\u89c1\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5e94\u8be5\u572850%\u201480%\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u53ef\u4ece\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5370\u8bc1\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9010\u6e10\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u60ca\u8bb6\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ef7\u503c\u5360\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4efd\u989d\u4f4e\u81f31\/3\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u91d1\u94b1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u767d\u767d\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7ecf\u5386\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u5386\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f5c\u7528\u81f3\u5c11\u5360\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\u76841\/3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u5408\u5e73\u60c5\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u5149\u660e\u6b63\u5927\u5730\u81ea\u79f0\u201c\u552f\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u8005\u201d\u3002\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u78b0\u5230\u7684\u963b\u529b\u6700\u5c0f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u6216\u6743\u5a01\u4eba\u571f\u5c06\u6559\u80b2\u6295\u5165\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u201d\uff0c\u5374\u53ea\u5b57\u4e0d\u63d0\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fbf\u662f\u552f\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u5728\u4f5c\u795f\u3002\u53c9\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8861\u91cf\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u6536\u5165\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u65f6\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6df7\u6dc6\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u628a\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u6536\u5165\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u552f\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u5728\u6363\u4e71\u3002\u518d\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5ba3\u8bb2\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u6216\u5bb6\u957f\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u201c\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8981\u597d\u597d\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u8fdf\u65e9\u7528\u5f97\u4e0a\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u552f\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8df3\u51fa\u6765\u53cd\u9a73\uff0c\u201c\u867d\u7136\u5b66\u6821\u91cc\u6559\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u80fd\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u6559\u80b2\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\u8c01\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5426\u8ba4\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u4e3a\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u8d34\u4e0a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6807\u7b7e\u2014\u2014\u53d1\u6587\u51ed\u3002\u5355\u51ed\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u6709\u7528\u5904\u7684\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u6b64\u8bdd\u4e0d\u5047\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bba\u8c03\u9887\u4e3a\u5371\u9669\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4ec5\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u8bc1\u660e\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u524a\u51cf\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u53cd\u5012\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u8bd5\u60f3\uff1a\u5f53\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u4eba\u7fa4\u6309\u7167\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5206\u6210\u9ad8\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u4f4e3\u7c7b\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5e94\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u201c\u9ad8\u201d\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4f4d\u96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style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #339966;\">\u6559\u80b2\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u83b7\u5229\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u672c\u4eba\u64b0\u5199\u6b64\u4e66\u7684\u521d\u8877\u4f55\u5728\uff1f\u5efa\u8bae\u5927\u5bb6\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c11\u4e0a\u5b66\uff1f\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4fe1\u53f7\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u987a\u5229\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u62ff\u5230\u6587\u51ed\uff0c\u96c7\u4e3b\u4fbf\u4e50\u610f\u4e3a\u4f60\u5949\u4e0a\u9ad8\u85aa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u51cf\u5c11\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u81ea\u613f\u52a0\u5165\u4f4e\u5c42\u6b21\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u884c\u5217\uff0c\u5c31\u4e1a\u5e02\u573a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f60\u6253\u4e0a\u201c\u52a3\u8d28\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u201d\u7684\u70d9\u5370\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6709\u56de\u62a5\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u5373\u57f9\u517b\u6280\u80fd\u201d (Education as Skill Creation)\u4e0e \u201c\u6559\u80b2\u5373\u4fe1\u53f7\u201d(Education as Signaling)\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u8c0b\u800c\u5408\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5374\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u5219\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u9677\u5165\u8d2b\u56f0\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u53d1\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u4e00\u2014\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u4f9d1\u65e5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u524a\u6559\u80b2\u6295\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u4ee4\u793e\u4f1a\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bcc\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u540c\u610f\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\u4ee4\u793e\u4f1a\u53d7\u76ca\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5417\uff1f\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6295\u5165\u4e4b\u5de8\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u77a0\u76ee\u7ed3\u820c\u3002\u4ec52011\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u7684\u603b\u6295\u5165\u5c31\u9ad8\u8fbe\u8fd11\u4e07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u524a\u51cf\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u524a\u51cf\u653f\u5e9c\u6295\u5165\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d88\u9664\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u4f1a\u52a9\u957f\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u98ce\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u542c\u5230\u524a\u51cf\u6559\u80b2\u8fd94\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u500d\u611f\u6050\u60e7\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u201d\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u5c31\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u5bb6\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7ec4\u5408\u6f54\u8bef\u201d(Fallacy 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4f55\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u90a3\u4e9b\u201c\u5947\u602a\u201d\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5462\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e3a\u4f55\u8fd8\u613f\u610f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5949\u4e0a\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u5462\uff1f\u6309\u7167\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4e0a\u5b66\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u5947\u602a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u80fd\u57f9\u517b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6096\u8bba\u6b63\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u793e\u4f1a\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u8c1c\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u5229\u7528\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e00\u8c1c\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63d0\u51fa\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\uff08\u672c\u6587\u8282\u9009\u81ea\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff09<\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/strong>\u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u5361\u666e\u5170\uff08Bryan Caplan\uff09\uff0c1997\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u83b7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u73b0\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6885\u68ee\u5927\u5b66\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5361\u6258\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08The Cato Institute\uff09\u517c\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u516c\u5171\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7b49\u3002\u66fe\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u7b49\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u7406\u6027\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u300b\u4e8e2007\u5e74\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u540e\uff0c\u88ab\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u8bc4\u4e3a\u201c2007\u5e74\u5ea6\u6700\u4f73\u56fe\u4e66\uff08\u653f\u6cbb\u7c7b\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u83b72008\u5e74\u72ec\u7acb\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u4e66\u7c4d\u94f6\u5956\u3002<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u7f16\u8f91\uff1aWind<\/em><\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"color: #339966;\">\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to JM\u89c2\u5bdf \uff5c\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u6559\u52a1\u5904\u6392\u4e0a\u7684\u8bfe\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6536\u83b7\u5343\u4e07\u64ad\u653e\u91cf\u8c08\u8d77\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2025\/05\/czx\/\">JM\u89c2\u5bdf \uff5c\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u6559\u52a1\u5904\u6392\u4e0a\u7684\u8bfe\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6536\u83b7\u5343\u4e07\u64ad\u653e\u91cf\u8c08\u8d77<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u4e18\u6210\u6850\u8c08\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u80b2 \u3001\u6570\u7406\u4e0e\u4eba\u6587\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2025\/05\/qiuchengtong\/\">\u4e18\u6210\u6850\u8c08\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u80b2 \u3001\u6570\u7406\u4e0e\u4eba\u6587<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u67e5\u7406\u00b7\u8292\u683c\uff1a\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u80fd\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2025\/04\/%e6%9f%a5%e7%90%86%c2%b7%e8%8a%92%e6%a0%bc%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%93%e4%b8%9a%e4%ba%ba%e5%a3%ab%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e6%9b%b4%e5%a4%9a%e7%9a%84%e8%b7%a8%e5%ad%a6%e7%a7%91%e6%8a%80%e8%83%bd\/\">\u67e5\u7406\u00b7\u8292\u683c\uff1a\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u80fd<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2025\/01\/addictive-mechanisms-of-games-in-practice-in-education\/\" target=\"_blank\">JM\u89c2\u5bdf \uff5c\u6e38\u620f\u6210\u763e\u673a\u5236\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7ed9\u6570\u5b57\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u542f\u793a\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/12\/lessons-for-digital-educators-from-albert-einstein\/\">\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7ed9\u6570\u5b57\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u542f\u793a<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u67e5\u7406\u00b7\u8292\u683c\uff1a\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u6280\u80fd\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2025\/04\/%e6%9f%a5%e7%90%86%c2%b7%e8%8a%92%e6%a0%bc%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%93%e4%b8%9a%e4%ba%ba%e5%a3%ab%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e6%9b%b4%e5%a4%9a%e7%9a%84%e8%b7%a8%e5%ad%a6%e7%a7%91%e6%8a%80%e8%83%bd\/\">\u9c8d\u9e4f\u5c71\uff1a\u4eba\u6587\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u662f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6446\u8131\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u547d\u8fd0<\/a><\/h3>\n<div>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u6559\u80b2\u8bf4\uff5c\u6797\u5c0f\u82f1\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u8981\u8131\u5d4c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u5206\u5d4c\u5165\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/10\/lin-xiao-ying\/\">\u6559\u80b2\u8bf4\uff5c\u6797\u5c0f\u82f1\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u8981\u8131\u5d4c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u5206\u5d4c\u5165<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/11\/invovation-is-born\/\">\u4eba\u7684\u521b\u9020\u529b\u4e0e\u751f\u4ff1\u6765\uff0c\u521b\u65b0\u5173\u952e\u770b\u73af\u5883\u521b\u8bbe<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u6559\u80b2\u8bf4 \uff5c \u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u4e14\u7528\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e0a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/11\/education-resource\/\">\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u4e14\u7528\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e0a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/11\/globe-trotting\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u6559\u80b2\u8bf4 \uff5c\u5229\u7528\u201c\u5730\u7406\u5957\u5229\u201d \u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u73af\u7403\u65c5\u5c45\u5b66\u4e60<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to JM\u89c2\u5bdf\uff5c\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u79d1\u4e0d\u6b7b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5316\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/08\/in-the-digital-era-the-liberal-arts-wont-die%e2%80%94they-must-adapt-and-evolve\/\">JM\u89c2\u5bdf\uff5c\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u79d1\u4e0d\u6b7b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5316<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u5411\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/09\/the-school-of-design-of-ecnu\/\">\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u5411<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/07\/life-is-one-big-experimental-art\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u5b9e\u9a8c\u827a\u672f\u73ed\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u56db\u5e74\u5b66\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u6559\u80b2\u8bf4 \uff5c \u957f\u5927\u540e\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/01\/career-planning-for-kids\/\">\u6559\u80b2\u8bf4 \uff5c \u957f\u5927\u540e\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u6559\u80b2\u8bf4\uff5c\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u9700\u6b63\u672c\u6e05\u6e90\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u9ad8\u201d\u5b57\u8fd8\u7ed9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2023\/04\/yuli-2\/\">\u6559\u80b2\u8bf4\uff5c\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u9700\u6b63\u672c\u6e05\u6e90\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u9ad8\u201d\u5b57\u8fd8\u7ed9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9ad8\u6821<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2023\/03\/yuli-1\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u6559\u80b2\u8bf4\uff5c\u6559\u5e08\u804c\u79f0\u8bc4\u5b9a\u5e94\u4ee5\u56db\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8bba<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff1a\u8c08\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u95ee\u9898\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2023\/12\/qianxuesen\/\">\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff1a\u8c08\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u95ee\u9898<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2022\/11\/yangshuzi\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u6768\u53d4\u5b50\uff1a\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u9053\u5728\u80b2\u4eba\u800c\u975e \u201c\u5236\u5668\u201d<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a title=\"Permanent link to \u6731\u5149\u6f5c\uff1a\u8c08\u4ef7\u503c\u610f\u8bc6\" rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2023\/10\/zhuguangqian\/\">\u6731\u5149\u6f5c\uff1a\u8c08\u4ef7\u503c\u610f\u8bc6<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a rel=\"bookmark\" href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2024\/01\/dongshitou-reading-list-4\/\">\u51bb\u77f3\u5934\u7684\u4e66\u5355\uff5c\u8ba9\u4e66\u7c4d\u5f15\u5bfc\u5b69\u5b50\u8ba4\u77e5\u804c\u4e1a<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/jointings.org\/cn\/2023\/01\/xubing\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u5f90\u51b0\uff1a\u521b\u9020\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u827a\u672f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6240\u6709\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u3010\u4e13\u680f\u3011| Columnists&gt;\u6559\u80b2\u8bf4 \u4f5c\u8005: \u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u5361\u666e\u5170\uff08Bryan Caplan\uff09 \u8bd1\u8005: \u8521\u7ef4 \u4fe1\u53f7\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6559\u80b2\u65e0\u7528\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u5374\u613f\u610f\u4e70\u5355 \u5f53\u6211\u5411\u201c\u795e\u5723\u201d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u629b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u9a73\u4e4b\u58f0\u4e0d\u7edd\u4e8e\u8033\u3002\u4f46\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5c45\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u540c\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u540c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u5f53\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56de\u62a5\u5c61\u521b\u65b0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f60\u5c45\u7136\u6562\u8bf4\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\uff1f\u4f60\u770b\u770b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u51ed\u7684\u6536\u5165\u6ea2\u4ef7\u5df2\u98d9\u5347\u81f370%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u53ea\u6709\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6587\u51ed\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u6ea2\u4ef7\u4e5f\u9ad8\u8fbe30%\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e50\u610f\u628a\u5927\u628a\u7684\u94b1\u7838\u5728\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u8eab\u4e0a\u5462\uff1f \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6ea2\u4ef7\u88ab\u4e25\u91cd\u9ad8\u4f30\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u505a\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u59d1\u4e14\u5c0a\u91cd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u56de\u62a5\u5982\u6b64\u4e30\u539a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u6559\u80b2\u6295\u5165\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u2014\u2014\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u8bfb\u8005\u90fd\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u5b66\u4e1a\u6210\u7ee9\u4f18\u79c0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fbf\u5411\u5916\u754c\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1a\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5f3a\u3002\u96c7\u4e3b\u81ea\u7136\u4e50\u610f\u4e3a\u4ed6\u652f\u4ed8\u989d\u5916\u8d39\u7528\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u5bb6\u5f8b\u5e08\u4e8b\u52a1\u6240\u8981\u62db\u4e00\u540d\u6691\u671f\u52a9\u7406\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u7b80\u5386\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u51ed\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u53f7\u5462\uff1f\u4ed6\u5929\u8d44\u806a\u9896\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u52e4\u594b\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u5fcd\u53d7\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u70e6\u7410\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5458\u5de5\uff08\u8bd5\u95ee\uff0c\u54ea\u4e2a\u96c7\u4e3b\u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u5462\uff1f\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4ed6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6b23\u7136\u5949\u4e0a\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u505a\u5f55\u7528\u51b3\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5fc5\u72b9\u8c6b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6839\u672c\u7528\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u53c8\u4f55\u59a8\u5462\u3002 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\u6559\u80b2\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u83b7\u5229\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39 \u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u672c\u4eba\u64b0\u5199\u6b64\u4e66\u7684\u521d\u8877\u4f55\u5728\uff1f\u5efa\u8bae\u5927\u5bb6\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c11\u4e0a\u5b66\uff1f\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4fe1\u53f7\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u987a\u5229\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u62ff\u5230\u6587\u51ed\uff0c\u96c7\u4e3b\u4fbf\u4e50\u610f\u4e3a\u4f60\u5949\u4e0a\u9ad8\u85aa\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u51cf\u5c11\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u81ea\u613f\u52a0\u5165\u4f4e\u5c42\u6b21\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u884c\u5217\uff0c\u5c31\u4e1a\u5e02\u573a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f60\u6253\u4e0a\u201c\u52a3\u8d28\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u201d\u7684\u70d9\u5370\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6709\u56de\u62a5\u7684\uff0c\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u5373\u57f9\u517b\u6280\u80fd\u201d (Education as Skill Creation)\u4e0e \u201c\u6559\u80b2\u5373\u4fe1\u53f7\u201d(Education as Signaling)\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u4e0d\u8c0b\u800c\u5408\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u5374\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u5219\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u9677\u5165\u8d2b\u56f0\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u53d1\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u4e00\u2014\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u2014\u2014\u5c06\u4f9d1\u65e5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u524a\u6559\u80b2\u6295\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u4ee4\u793e\u4f1a\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bcc\u8db3\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u540c\u610f\u5e73\u5747\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\u4ee4\u793e\u4f1a\u53d7\u76ca\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5417\uff1f\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6295\u5165\u4e4b\u5de8\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u77a0\u76ee\u7ed3\u820c\u3002\u4ec52011\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u7684\u603b\u6295\u5165\u5c31\u9ad8\u8fbe\u8fd11\u4e07\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u524a\u51cf\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u524a\u51cf\u653f\u5e9c\u6295\u5165\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d88\u9664\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u4f1a\u52a9\u957f\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u98ce\u3002 \u542c\u5230\u524a\u51cf\u6559\u80b2\u8fd94\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u500d\u611f\u6050\u60e7\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u6559\u80b2\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u201d\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u5c31\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u5bb6\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u7ec4\u5408\u6f54\u8bef\u201d(Fallacy of 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